Ideally, I'd like to talk about past concerns, issues, traumas, that may be the cause of or at least have an impact my maladaptive coping mechanisms and negative self-talk. However, usually I just end up talking about what's bothered me since our last session. I mean it helps, but I wish I could get to the point where I am discussing the parts of me that are holding me back, and that's generally not a result of day-to-day interactions.

I would suggest keeping a list to bring to your appointments for things you want to talk about. You might find that helpful. It doesn't have to be a detailed explanation; bullet points would probably suffice. I just suggest trying that out.